Paper-calendering machine



' (NoMoael.)

NO. 359,294. Patented Mar. l5, 1887.

- u "u u u [Mu ilu I u n; ul uuuu u U u. D u u',

lulu Il guulullllllllllllmllllulllullulllllllm l V l i u uuuuuuuuul...uuu uuuuuuu;` u

l] ll u" witnesses I S14/vento@ I v P .R11 LO M an@ e 6" m N. PEYERSrmLlllwlnrNn vlamingen. n.0. I

UNITED STATES PATENT @Erica PETER R. THOM, OF APPLETO-N, WISCONSIN.

PAPER-CALENDERING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 359,294, dated March15, 1887.

Application tiled `Tuly 10,1886. Serial No. 207,681. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PETER R. TrIoM, a citi zen of the United States,residing at Appleton, in the county of Winnebago and State of Wisconsin,have invented certain new( and useful Improvements in Paper CalenderingMahines, of which the following is a speciioaion.

In calendering paper it is customary to use a stack of superposedrollers alternately of iron and of paper, all driven from the bottomroll or calender by the frictional contact of their peripheries. ninerolls arranged vertically, one above the other-,the first a metal rollof comparatively large diameter, the second a paper roll of smallerdiameter, the third a metal roll of somewhat larger diameter thanthepaper roll, and so on-and the bottom roll was theonly one driven,motion being imparted to all the others by frictional contact with theone immediately beneath. The bottom roll, therefore, being the driver,was speedily worn out, and so were the ones adjacent to it in proportionto the labor placed upon them in driving those above. Besides this,through slip, the imparted motion diminished gradually from the lowerrolls to the upper roll, which would go slightly slower, at least attimes, than the bottom roll. The sheet or web to be calendered, enteringat the top, would therefore be fed slower than the possible feed at thebottom, and the pull at the bottom would impart a greater strain thanmight be desirable.

In my invention it is proposed to drive the bottom and the top rollsboth positively at equal peripheral speed, they being of the samediameter, or at such peripheral speed as shall make the one equal to theother, or establish the desired relation in their movement, all theintermediate rolls being driven from these two,

the bottom roll driving upward and the top roll driving downward. Thisdiminishes the laborof the lower roll or diminishes the wear upon itsperiphery and upon the periphery of those adjacent to it, because theupper roll takes its own share. It also equalizes the speedfrom top tobottom and avoids slip. Second, I propose as the preferable method ofaccomplishing this driving of top and bottom rolls simultaneously toplace a pulley on the There might be a pile of gudgeon of the lower rolland a pulley on the gudgeon of the upper roll, and connect the two by abelt driving the lower roll by connection with a suitable engine, andtransmitting motion to the upper by the belt. Third, in order to preventthe strain of the belt from causing greater pressure on one end of theseries of rolls than on the other, and also to enable me to reduce theface of the pulleys, I deem it advisable to locate the latter at bothends of the lower and upper rolls or calenders, using two belts.

In the drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of astack ofcalender-rolls embodying my invention, and Fig. 2 a rear elevationthereof.

A represents the housings for the journalboxes of the series of rolls,and B a shaft by which motion is communicated from any suitable sourceto the lower roll or calender. This shaft is connected by a face orclutch coupling, c, with the gudgeon of the lower roll, C, and upon saidlower roll is superposed a roll, C', of less diameter and formed ofpaper. Next above this is anotherV roll, C2, of iron, and herein shownas of greater diameter than the paper-roll, but not equal to thediameter of the bottom roll, as customary in these machines. Followingthese in regular order are superposed alternately paper and iron rollsor calenders, until the upper iron roll, CX, is reached, which isproperly of the same diameter as the bottom most roll. Screws D, passingthrough the cap-plates of the housings and provided with levers orhand-holds d, enable the pressure of the ealenders, one upon theother,to be increased or diminished at pleasure.

Now, as already intimated, stacks or series of superposed calenders, asjust described and illustrated, have commonly been driven from the lowerroll or calender by the frictional contact of the face of that roll withthe face of the roll next above it, and in turn of the latter roll withthe next superposed4 one, and so on to the top of the'series. In myinvention, however, I drive both the upper and lower rolls positively,and at such peripheral speed that the upper roll imparts :motion to theone beneath it by frictional contact co-ordinately with or in a denedrelation with the motion imparted by the lower roll to the one above itby like contact, and thus the series are driven both from top andbottom, and the liability to slip, if any, is diminished to a minimum,the two driving forces meeting at the center of the stack, where theywill be practically equal or retain their given relation. Inaccomplishing this I may use "any appropriate means for imparting thepositive motion to the upper roll and turning it in concord with thelower roll; but the simplest andlmost effective now known to me is asfollows: Upon the gudgeon of the lower roll, outside of the housing, ifcompactness is desired, I place a pulley, E, and upon the gudgeon of theupper roll I place an equal pulley, E', provided the rolls are of equaldiameter and to be driven at identical speed, and if not then one ofproportionate size, and over these I throw a belt, F, applying anysuitable belt-tightener, as F', to take up slack in this belt. Themotionimparted to the lower roll from the driving-shaft will therefore be atonce transmitted to the n pper roll by means of the belt, and thislatter roll will drive downward while the other is driven up, and thusthe intermediate rolls be driven both from top and bottom by frictionalcontact, distributing the labor throughout.

Although the pulleys can be placed `at one end of the roll only, it 'isbetter to place them at both ends, as shown, employing two belts. Thiswill enable pulleys of less face to be used, and better serve toequalize the driving-power and the pressure along the contacting-face ofthe rolls, and accordingly serve to keep the `journals of the rolls cooland their faces of more uniform wear.

I am aware that belts have heretofore been thrown over the ends ofsuperposed calenders, as in Letters Patent No.124,048, granted John H.Garfield on the 27 th day of February, 187 2, but these were notintended for driving, but were themselves driven from the rolls, withtheir faces in contact, for the purpose of aiding in the insertion ofthe web between the rolls after it had, through any contingency, becomedisconnected, and such I do not claim; but

Vhat I do claim is- 1. The combination, substantially as hereinbeforeset forth, in a stack of ealenderrolls,of top and bottom rollspositively driven, and intermediate rolls driven by frictional Contactfrom said top and bottom rolls.

2. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, in a seriesof calender-rolls,of a bottom roll, connections between said bot tomroll and a motor, a pulley on the gudgeon of said bottom roll, a toproll having an opposing pulley on its gudgeon, and a belt connecting thetwo pulleys, whereby the intermediate pulleys are driven from said topand bottom rolls.

3. The combination,snbstantially as hereinbefore set forth, in a stackof calender-rolls, of a bottom roll having a pulley upon each gud geon,aconnection between said bottom roll and a suitable motor, a top rollalso having pulleys on each gudgeon,and belts connecting thecorresponding pulleys on the top and bottom rolls, whereby the innerrolls are driven both from the top and from the bottom.

4. The combination,substantially as herein before set forth, in acalenderingstack, of the housings, calender-boxes mounted therein, the

Vpressure-screws abutting against the upper boxes, the pulleys upon thegudgeons on the top and bottom rolls or calenders, the belt or beltsconnecting said pulleys,and a tightener.

PETER R. THOM.

Witnesses:

ORLANDO E. CLARK, L. OLMs'rnAD.

